To understand production you need to work with physical units. As Blair mentioned, any measure of economic production or productivity based on monetary units has unresolvable methodological errors.
However prices are obviously useful to understand distribution and exchange. Importantly, monetary and non-monetary data can be combined to reveal how resources are priced differentially over space and between social groups.
Still to explain HOW these exchange rates come about requires collecting and analyzing non-monetary data about social structures and processes.